", Mark 9:47: "It is better for you to enter the Kingdom of God with one eye, than having two eyes, to be cast into Gehenna.". The NET translators point out, This was the valley along the south side of Jerusalem. Kidron Valley separates the city from the Mount of Olives. vii. See also A. R. W. Green, The Role of Human Sacrifice in the Ancient Near East (SBLDS 1; Missoula, Mont. Jeremiah warns the inhabitants of Jerusalem that they face invasion by the Chaldeans, and one of the consequences will be that the bodies of the dead will be buried in the Valley of the Son of Hinnom because there will be no room elsewhere (Jer. A central valley, apparently referred to by Josephus as the Tyropoeon Valley (or “the Valley of the Cheesemakers”), bisected the city area into eastern and western hills or spurs. 4. In the reign of Josiah a call came from Jeremiah to destroy the shrines in Topheth and to end the practice Jeremiah 7:31–32, 32:35. [14] Scholars such as Mosca (1975) have concluded that the sacrifice recorded in the Hebrew Bible, such as Jeremiah's comment that the worshippers of Baal had "filled this place with the blood of innocents", is literal,[15][16] while Mark Smith has stated that in the seventh century BC child sacrifice was a Judean practice performed in the name of Yahweh. Isaiah refers to it, although not by name, as a place where the dead bodies of the unbelieving shall lie, and where their worm shall not die and the fire is not quenched (Isa 66:24). 7:32). Along the southern side of old Jerusalem is the Valley of Hinnom, a steep ravine associated in biblical eschatology with the concept of Gehenna or Hell. Site 51: The Sultan's Pool. [18] J. Josephus' Description of Jerusalem . 5. Remarkably, Josephus later describes how during the siege of Jerusalem by the Romans, ... the first recorded reference to fires in the Valley of Hinnom comes from a commentary on Psalm 27 by Rabbi David Kimhi, dating from around 1200 AD. Thereafter, it was deemed to be cursed (Book of Jeremiah 7:31, 19:2–6). 28:3; 33:6; Neh. Therefore, the Water-gate led into the valley of Kedron: but the Horse-gate into the valley of Hinnom, at that place touching on the valley of Kedron. Ahaz and Manasseh were guilty of this horrible abomination (2 Chron 28:3; 33:6). Jeremiah predicted that God would visit the place with such awful destruction because of its wickedness that it would become known as the “valley of Slaughter” (Jer 7:31-34). : Rabbinic Descriptions of Gehenna, A Christian Conditionalist perspective on Gehenna, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gehenna&oldid=994243276, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Articles lacking reliable references from January 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2018, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Matthew 23:33, to the Pharisees: "You serpents, you brood of vipers, how shall you to escape the sentence of Gehenna? The Wadi er-Rababi location has the most support. It meets and merges with the Kidron Valley, the other principal valley around the Old City, near the southeastern corner of the city. The name is derived from a geographical site in Jerusalem known as the Valley of Hinnom, one of the two principal valleys surrounding the Old City. 32). It is also known as the VALLEY OF THE SON OF HINNOM [Josh 15:8; Jer 7:32], the VALLEY OF THE CHILDREN OF HINNOM [2 Kings 23:10], and THE VALLEY [2 Chron 26:9; Neh 2:13, 15]. The valley of the son of Hinnom - This valley begins on the west of Jerusalem at the road to Joppa, and turning southeastward round the foot of Mount Zion joins the deeper valley of Kedron … The Book of Revelation describes Hades being cast into the lake of fire (Revelation 20:14). In this the Targums are parallel to the Gospel of Mark addition of "Gehenna" to the quotation of the Isaiah verses describing the corpses "where their worm does not die".[23]. Soon, the Kidron valley and the Valley of Hinnom were filled with corpses. [2] Thereafter, it was deemed to be cursed (Book of Jeremiah 7:31, 19:2–6).[3]. Day denies it (85). Of these hills, that which contains the upper city is much higher, and in length more direct. Hinnom is Ennom in the OT Greek Septuagint/LXX. 1200 AD). ", Christopher B. Hays Death in the Iron Age II & in First Isaiah 2011 p 181 "Efforts to show that the Bible does not portray actual child sacrifice in the Molek cult, but rather dedication to the god by fire, have been convincingly disproved. When they had succeeded in passing their own lines and had not been killed by Roman patrols, they reached the palisade. —The Heb. This is known in the Hebrew Bible as Gei Ben-Hinnom,[6] literally the "Valley of the son of Hinnom",[7] and in the Talmud as גיהנם or גהנום Gehinnom. The lower-level aqueduct, which carried water to Jerusalem in the Second Temple period, skirted the pool. ", "The place of spiritual punishment and/or purification for the wicked dead in Judaism is not referred to as Hell, but as Gehinnom or She'ol. In Freedman, David Noel, ed., Geoffrey W. Bromiley International Standard Bible Encyclopedia: Q-Z -1995 p259 "Stager and Wolff have convincingly demonstrated that child sacrifice was practiced in Phoenecian Carthage (Biblical Archaeology Review, 10 [1984], 30–51). Below is the account provided in Easton's Bible Dictionary: Gehenna: ... punished with eternal torment" -Josephus Wars 2.8.14. [4] Gehinnom is not Hell, but originally a grave and in later times a sort of purgatory where one is judged based on one's life's deeds, or rather, where one becomes fully aware of one's own shortcomings and negative actions during one's life. [36] In certain usage, the Christian Bible refers to it as a place where both soul (Greek: ψυχή, psyche) and body could be destroyed (Matthew 10:28) in "unquenchable fire" (Mark 9:43).[37]. According to most Jewish sources, the period of purification or punishment is limited to only 12 months and every Sabbath day is excluded from punishment. The watercourse is know to this very day as the Wady en-Nar (Arabic: The Streambed of Fire). Since Hezekiah, his legitimate son by the daughter of the High Priest, succeeded him as king, this, if literal, is assumed to mean children by unrecorded pagan wives or concubines. Treatment of Gehenna in Christianity is significantly affected by whether the distinction in Hebrew and Greek between Gehenna and Hades was maintained: Many modern Christians consider Gehenna to be a place of eternal punishment. The second valley is the Kidron Valley, located on the north and east side of the city. In the Hebrew Bible, Gehenna was initially where some of the kings of Judah sacrificed their children by fire. by, II Kings 23:10; Jer. Some Christian scholars, however, have suggested that Gehenna may not be synonymous with the lake of fire, but a prophetic metaphor for the horrible fate that awaited the many civilians killed in the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 A.D.[44][45]. Smith (1907),[8] Dalman (1930),[9] Bailey (1986)[10] and Watson (1992)[11] identify the Wadi ar-Rababi, which fits the description of Joshua that Hinnom valley ran east to west and lay outside the city walls. The term is used 11 times in these writings. - I can hardly imagine that; btw. Who Owns Malt Shovel Taphouse,
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