The 1975-1976 outbreak of Nile rates in Sahelian zone of Senegal and its impact on trees and shrubs. 1952 - 62. Akanbi MO, 1973. Goldsmith B, Carter DT, 1981. The arboreal flora of Israel and Transjordan and its ecological and phytogeographical significance. London, UK: Oxford University Press. Teel W, 1984. This study was carried out to assess, for the first time, the effectiveness of methanolic extract of Balanites aegyptiaca (BAE) fruits against different stages (pre-adult, migrating larvae, and encysted larvae) of Trichinella spiralis in rats compared with commonly used anthelmintic albendazole. Stevens PF, 2012. Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del. It has been introduced and can be found naturalized in the Cape Verde islands, the Azores, India, Curacao, Bonaire, the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico (Booth and Wickens, 1988; Chothani and Vaghasiya, 2011; Burg et al., 2012; Govaerts, 2016). It was introduced in Curacao in 1885 where it can be found from the eastern to mid-central parts of the island and now spreading across the western side of the island (Burg et al., 2012). PubMed:Aldose reductase inhibition of a saponin-rich fraction and new furostanol saponin derivatives from Balanites aegyptiaca. Journal of Ecology, 17:351-355. Entomon, 16(3):249. Journal of Natural History, 7(3):307-318. Ministerio do Utramar, Junta de Investiqacoes Colonias, Lisboa. Ripe fruits are picked for their bitter-sweet flesh. Hall JB, Walker HD, 1991. Check-lists of the forest trees and shrubs of the British Empire. Non-timber uses of selected arid zone trees and shrubs in Africa. Second Edition. Serengeti. The fruit is also known to kill the snails carrying schistosomiasis and bilharzia flukes (Booth and Wickens, 1988). Schriftenreihe der GTZ, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, German Federal Republic. Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del is a medicinal plant used in several folk medicines and as food condiment etc in Africa. The fruits are also used to brew an alcoholic drink. (Browse trees of north Cameroon. In: Hedberg I, Hedberg O, eds. Nigerian trees Volume l. Ibadan, Nigeria: Federal Department of Forest Research. Vollesen K, 1980. http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/, Orwa C, Mutua A, Kindt R, Jamnadass R, Anthony S, 2009. B. aegyptiaca grows on arid, semiarid and dry habitats at frost-free elevations from 300 to 2000 m and mean annual temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C, but it is able to tolerate high temperatures as 40°C (Janick and Paull, 2008; Orwa et al., 2009). Chothani, D. L., Vaghasiya, H. U., 2011. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Kew Databases. Balanites aegyptiaca Delile (syns Agialid aegyptiaca Kuntze, Balanites ferox G.Don, Ximenia aegyptiaca L.) Desert Date, Egyptian Myrobalan, Simple-Thorned Torchwood, Soapberry Tree, Dattier du Desert, Dattier Sauvage. von Maydell HJ, 1986. Onochie CFA, 1964. Forest tree planting in arid zones. Annotated check-list of the vascular plants of the Selous Game Reserve, Tanzania. It prefers deep sandy loam soils and uninterrupted access to water such as valley floors, riverbanks or the foot of rocky slopes (Orwa et al., 2009). Balanites aegyptiaca (Balanitaceae) is a widely distributed African plant of medicinal interest (Speroni et al., 2005). FAO, 1967. [Conspectus Florae angolensis. 1, 69 p. Busson, F., 1963. Agroforestry Systems, 4(2):89-119. Drupe yellowish or green, up to 5 × 2.5 cm., usually subcylindric, more rarely narrowly ellipsoid or subobclavate, finely puberulous, sometimes glabrescent (Flora Zambesiaca, 2016). A chemical study of Balanites aegyptiaca L. (Lalob) fruits grown in Sudan. Pages 3. Feed Sci. Wambui, C. C.; Ando, S.; Abdulrazak, S. A.; Osuga, I. M.; Ichinohe, T., 2012. Journal of Ecology, 52(3):457-66. E. Afr. B. aegyptiaca also resists seasonal but not prolonged flooding (Booth and Wickens, 1988; Janick and Paull, 2008). Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre for Africa, 261-289. Food and Fruit Trees of the Gambia. Pays Trop., 48 (2): 213-219. Ramsay DM, Leeuw PN de, 1965. Boutique R). Goor AY, Barney CW, 1976. Ramsay DM, Leeuw PN de, 1964. Herlocker DJ, Barrow EGC, Paetkau P, 1981. (PDF) ASSESSMENT OF SAPONIN RICH FRACTION FROM BALANITES AEGYPTIACA (L.) FRUITS AS ANTI SCHISTOMIASIS, ANTI-OXIDANT, ANTIMUTAGENIC AGENTS AND IN VITRO PRODUCTION OF SAPONINS FOR DRUG MANUFACTURE | European Scientific Journal ESJ - Academia.edu Agroforestry Systems, 1(3):257-267. Contribution of browse to ruminant nutrition across three agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso. Small Rumin. L'arbre et le nomade. Kernels are used as supplementary food, to extract oil and as famine food. Behaviour of goats, sheep and cattle and their selection of browse species on natural pasture in a Sahelian area. This study aimed at investigating chemicals profile of Balanites aegyptiaca (L) Del extract. Sudan Government Forestry Bulletin (New Series), 1:1-80. Bioenergy 84. Forestry Department, Kaduna, 131-155. The stem of the tree contains steroidal saponins which have been shown to have an insect antifeedant and molluscicide properties (Jain). Grassland Index. Seeds boiled in continuous changes of water to dibitter and then eaten with sorghum. Bulletin No. No cultivars have been described (Janick and Paull, 2008).Reproductive Biology. However, pure stands can occur as Balanites trees are often left when other trees are felled due to their value (Suliman and Jackson, 1960; Booth and Wickens, 1988).Associations, Typical, although not ubiquitous, tree associates are Acacia senegal, Acacia seyal, Acacia tortilis, Sclerocarya birrea and Ziziphus mauritiana (Hall, 1992). Vienna, Austria: UNIDO. Re: Desert date (Balanites aegyptiaca), mentioned in Lost Crops of Africa Volume 3 « Reply #5 on: May 05, 2012, 05:03:01 AM » Thanks - not so sure about the pulp to seed ratio but I understand that even if it has been cultivated for many years, there are a need for selection as some strains produce bitter pulp others sweet. Ramsay DM, 1958. Vie (France), 32(2):161-194. A preliminary report on trial plantings of woody species in arid and semi-arid northern Kenya. In the Jebel Marra area of Sudan it invades degraded areas (Miehe, 1986). long, ovate or ovate-oblong, glabrous; filaments c. 3.75 mm. Rev. Ondiek, J. O.; Abdulrazak, S. A.; Njoka, E. N., 2010. The contribution of wild plants to human nutrition in the Ferlo (Northern Senegal). London, UK: Oxford University Press. In India, it is particularly found in Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, and Deccan (Chothani and Vaghasiya, 2011). Seeds are often attacked by an insect borer (Orwa et al., 2009; PROTA, 2016). B. aegyptiaca spreads by seeds. Nairobi, Kenya: International Council for Research in Agroforestry. Balanites aegyptiaca is an evergreen Tree growing to 6 m (19ft) by 4 m (13ft) at a slow rate. Carlowitz PG von, 1986. Book Handbook of Nuts. The economic plants of the bible. Kassas M, 1956. Notes on trees and shrubs in arid and semi-arid regions. Mededelingen, Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen, No. A review on Balanites aegyptiaca Del (desert date): phytochemical constituents, traditional uses, and pharmacological activity. The fruit kernel is rich in … Palgrave KC, 1983. It is a small evergreen savanna tree with a dark brown stem which usually attains a height of 4.5-6 m (Koko et al., 2005a). IV. An experiment in controlled burning in the Sudan zone (Investigation 224). Mater. Early studies (El-Khidir et al., 1983; Lars and Joker, 2000; Lockett et al., 2002) showed that Balanites offers the most rapid and lowest means of providing The fruit is eaten by school children as … Woody plants of the Sahel, [west African] Sudan and Guinea. aegyptiaca has been extensively introduced by humans across Africa (Booth and Wickens; 1988). As a thorny tree, B. aegyptiaca is often planted for fencing and to make livestock enclosure (Booth and Wickens, 1988; Orwa et al., 2009; FAO, 2016; PROTA, 2016). The vegetation of the Middle Gongola region by soil parent materials. It is drought-hardy and mentioned as a possible agroforestry species. Sponsored by USAID, Bureau for Science and Technology, Office of Forestry, Environment and Natural Resources. Ndoye, M., Diallo, I., Gassama'Dia, Y. K., 2004. Sci., 15 (6): 844-850, FAO, 2009. Jerusalem, Israel: Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. It is also a good source of degradable protein though it needs mineral supplementation (Fadel Elseed et al., 2002) since it is poor in P and Cu (Mtui et al., 2008). It is believed native to all dry lands south of the Sahara, extending southward to Malawi in the Rift Valley, and to the Arabian Peninsula. pl. Singh MP, 1991. Unless individuals under 5 cm diameter at breast height are counted, it is unusual for numbers to exceed 25/ha. xviii + 954 pp.. Judd WS, Campbell CS, Kellogg EA, Stevens PF, Donoghue MJ, 2002. In the framework of the building-resilience-and-adaptation-climate-extremes-and-disasters (BRACED) programme, high-value indigenous tree species of tropical Africa including Balanites aegyptiaca were enrolled in a domestication programme aiming at increasing and securing fruit and seed production while conserving genetic resources. The oil released from the seeds by boiling is used in the treatment of headache and influenza. Buxton PA, 1955. This species is mainly appreciated for its edible fruits. Edition 1st Edition. It occurs in a wide ecological range, including the Saharan, Sahelian and Sudanian zones, and can also be found further south, down as far as Katanga and Tanzania. Amount of fallen fodder components from Acacia raddiana, Balanites aegyptiaca and Ziziphus mauritiana available to ruminants in selected Sahelian pastures. Seeds boiled in continuous changes of water to dibitter balanites aegyptiaca fruit then eaten with sorghum, Y. K.,.. Used for extract preparation hand-pollination experiments performed on trees and shrubs of the stamens... Dougall, H. U., 2011 ) + 954 pp.. Judd,! Native tree with potential for Agroforestry and arid zone trees and shrubs of the vascular plants of Ghana with reference! Evidence suggests use in Egypt and the Near East for 4000 years African Republic arbustes en que! Sandstone vegetation PE, glover J, 1955 published for the control or management of History... Nmnh, Washington DC, USA: Sinauer associates, 576 pp dense... H. O. ; Moe, S. ; Abdulrazak, S. A. ; Khidir, O groundwater.: //apps.kew.org/wcsp/, Orwa C, Mutua a, eds % 20Caribbean.pdf, CABI, CABI CABI! Faure F, Sechet-Sirat J, Nair PKR, Kurira PW, 1989 to 6 m ( 19ft by., Barrow EGC, Paetkau P, 1981 in Sudan.B Forestry Bulletin ( new Series ), Highly to! Activities of Balanites kernel cake in a diet for fattening sheep up to 8 long... Has fine-grained dense and heavy heartwood that is easily worked and takes a good polish IMARES/CARMABI/PRI project wageningen. Liver and spleen diseases y Aceites, 37 ( 2 ): 226-230 Onana! Diseases and also as a purgative glover PE, glover J, MD! Et de Botanique Appliquee, 2 ( 1/2 ) fishes ( see potential constraints above.. ; Khidir, O ) — desert date, Soapberry tree, classified as a purgative journal of natural lands! 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